Advérbios em Inglês através da Música – Um Guia Prático

Aprenda a usar advérbios em inglês cantando estas 10 canções

Advérbios são palavras invariáveis que servem para modificar um verbo, um adjetivo ou outro advérbio em uma frase.

Os tipos de advérbios são denominados de acordo com o tipo de circunstância que adicionam à frase para especificar seu sentido.

Muitas vezes, sua formação acontece com a adição do sufixo -ly à adjetivos (equivalente ao -mente no português), mas em muitos outros é necessário simplesmente decorar o advérbio.

Exemplo de advérbio derivado de adjetivo:

CLEAR (CLARO / CLARA) → CLEARLY (CLARAMENTE)

Para quem está se familiarizando com advérbios no inglês, é interessante começar a perceber como muitos são usados nas canções escritas no idioma.

Estudar com música ajuda muito com vocabulário, compreensão e memorização, e é particularmente eficaz para quem costuma decorar com facilidade as letras e gosta de cantar junto.

Abaixo, há vários termos divididos entre 8 tipos de adverbs comuns no inglês e, em seguida, 10 canções que contém alguns exemplos para cantar e decorar.

Lembre-se que, apesar de estarem separados de acordo com a frequência em que são usados para definir tal circunstância, nem sempre uma mesma palavra será sempre um advérbio na frase e nem sempre um mesmo advérbio significa a mesma coisa em todas as frases, por exemplo:

FIRST (primeiro)

The first person (A primeira pessoa) → ADJETIVO

I am the first (Eu sou o primeiro) → SUBSTANTIVO

Get there first, then eat (Chegue lá primeiro, depois coma) → ADVÉRBIO DE ORDEM

AFTER (depois, após, mais tarde)

They lived happily ever after (Eles viveram felizes para sempre) → FRASE ADVERBIAL DE TEMPO

I’ll call after I eat (Eu vou ligar depois de comer) → ADVÉRBIO DE ORDEM

Exemplos de advérbios e frases adverbiais

1. Time (Tempo)

already (já); early (cedo); formerly (outrora); immediately (imediatamente); late (tarde); now (agora); presently (no presente); shortly (em breve); soon (brevemente); still (ainda); then (então); today (hoje); tonight (esta noite); tomorrow (amanhã); yesterday (ontem); currently (atualmente); originally (originalmente); one day (um dia) …

2. Frequency (Frequência)

daily (diariamente); sometimes (às vezes); rarely (raramente); never (nunca); always (sempre); often (com frequência); frequently (frequentemente); constantly (constantemente); yearly (anualmente), monthly (mensalmente); weekly (semanalmente); every day (todo dia); every night (toda noite) …

3. Manner (Modo)

swiftly (rapidamente); carefully (cuidadosamente); actively (ativamente); amiss (erroneamente); badly (mal); boldly (audaciosamente); faithfully (fielmente); fast (rapidamente); fiercely (ferozmente); gladly (alegremente); quickly (rapidamente); purposely (propositadamente); simply (simplesmente). gracefully (graciosamente), easily (facilmente), hardly (dificilmente), slowly (vagarosamente), happily (felizmente), loudly (em alto som), brilliantly (brilhantemente), silently (silenciosamente), cleverly (inteligentemente); briefly (brevemente); calmly (calmamente); beautifully (lindamente); kindly (gentilmente); well (bem); seriously (seriamente) …

4. Place (Lugar)

down (sob); here (aqui); below (abaixo); around (em volta); near (perto); far (longe); everywhere (em todo lugar); wherever (em qualquer lugar); there (lá); abroad (fora do país); out (fora); indoors (dentro de casa); outdoors (fora de casa); close (perto) …

5. Degree (Grau / Intensidade / Quantidade)
   

absolutely (absolutamente); awfully (terrivelmente); badly (muito); barely (quase nada); completely (completamente); decidedly (decididamente); deeply (profundamente); enough (suficientemente); enormously (enormemente); entirely (inteiramente); extremely (extremamente); fairly (suficientemente); fully (totalmente); greatly (muito); highly (altamente); incredibly (incrivelmente); indeed (certamente); intensely (intensamente); just (apenas); so (tão); really (realmente); little (pouco); lots (muito); less (menos); least (o menos), most (a maioria); much (muito); nearly (quase) …

6. Order (Ordem)

firstly (primeiramente); secondly (em segundo lugar); thirdly (em terceiro lugar); lastly (por último); last (último); first (primeiro); after (em seguida, depois); before (antes) …

7. Doubt (Dúvida)

maybe (possivelmente); perchance (porventura); perhaps (talvez); possibly (possivelmente), might (pode); hypothetically (hipoteticamente); theoretically (teoricamente) …

8. Interrogative (Interrogativo)*

*Atenção: no começo das perguntas.

why (por quê); where (onde); how (como); when (quando); what (o quê) …

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10 canções em inglês para aprender adverbs

1. “Early Winter” – Gwen Stefani

Apesar de “early” ser advérbio em alguns casos (por exemplo: I had breakfast early today / Tomei café-da-manhã hoje cedo), o termo é usado como adjetivo nesta canção de Gwen Stefani (Looks like an early winter / Parece que será um inverno prematuro). Mesmo assim, ela ainda está repleta de advérbios:

You, you know how to get me so low

My heart had a crash when we spoke

I can’t fix what you broke

And you, you always have a reason

Again and again this feelin’

Why do I give in?

And I always was, always was one for cryin’

I always was one for tears

The sun’s getting cold; it’s snowing’

Looks like an early winter

For us

Looks like an early winter

For us

An early winter

Oh, I need you to turn me over

It’s said the map of the world is on you

The moon gravitates around you

2. “Lately” – Stevie Wonder

Este hit de Stevie Wonder contém três termos diferentes que terminam com -ly, e está repleto de adverbs.

Lately, I have had the strangest feeling

With no vivid reason here to find

Yet the thought of losing you’s been hanging

‘Round my mind

Far more frequently, you’re wearing perfume

With you say no special place to go

But when I ask, “Will you be coming back soon?”

You don’t know, never know

Well, I’m a man of many wishes

Hope my premonition misses

But what I really feel my eyes won’t let me hide

‘Cause they always start to cry

…

But what I really feel my eyes won’t let me hide

‘Cause they always start to cry

‘Cause this time could mean goodbye, goodbye

3. “Yesterday and Today” – Yes

Muitas palavras em inglês podem ser usadas de diferentes formas gramaticais, dependendo da  frase. É o caso de ambas presentes no título desta canção da banda Yes, por exemplo: 

Today will be a good day / Hoje será um dia bom – aqui, “today” é substantivo. 

E quando o termo é usado para especificar quando outra coisa acontece, trata-se de um advérbio: 

I think of you today / Eu penso em você hoje – aqui, “today” é advérbio de tempo modificando o verbo “think”.

Why is there you when there are few people around making me feel good?

Why is there me when air is free, some I can see better than I should?

There’s only us simply because thinking of us makes us both happy

I think of you ev’ry way, yesterday and today

I think of things that we do, all the way, ev’ry day

Stand in the sea, sing songs for me, sing happily, making me feel good

4. “Faithfully” – Journey

Highway run

Into the midnight sun

Wheels go ‘round and ‘round

You’re on my mind

Restless hearts

Sleep alone tonight

Sendin’ all my love

Along the wire

…

Ain’t always what it’s supposed to be

Oh girl, you stand by me

I’m forever yours

Faithfully

…

And being apart ain’t easy

On this love affair

Two strangers learn

To fall in love again

I get the joy

Of rediscovering you

Oh girl, you stand by me

I’m forever yours

Faithfully

5. “Undertow” – Passion Pit

Cantar “Undertow” ajuda a treinar estes advérbios cuja pronúncia é desafiadora: through, immediately e feverishly.

Come to me honey and feel the warmth around you grow

Calls from above me, echoes down below

We’ve resorted to the undertow

I try, but what you’re feeling is the undertow, tow

How can you ever place the names up high

When surely you have wondered why

Waves still crashing, tides of love

Are running all our hope, hope

And they crash upon the shores ‘til we know

We know what we need, clear and immediately (clear and immediately)

A love concrete, spelling it out on the street

Love until you bleed

Love until, love until you bleed and see (love until you bleed and see)

Love until you bleed

Love until, love until you bleed and see, my darling

…

Shot down from under what we never should be

Close to your body, I am taking your lead

But maybe it’s the undertow

But I lie, I’ll just tell them it’s the undertow

Off to a little bit of what could’ve been, a bit of love burning feverishly

Skip through the thick of it and watch as I fill up with the forces that take over me

Oh, take me away from all this foolish grief, baby

Wake me once you know our home and that’s where we’ll stay

We know what we need, clear and immediately (clear and immediately)

…

6. “My Heart Will Go On” – Céline Dion

Além do phrasal verb no título (go on), este clássico tem muitos advérbios:

Every night in my dreams

I see you

I feel you

That is how I know you go on

Far across the distance

And spaces between us

You have come to show you go on

Near, far, wherever you are

I believe that the heart does go on

Once more you open the door

And you’re here in my heart

And my heart will go on and on

Love can touch us one time

And last for a lifetime

And never let go till we’re gone

Love was when I loved you

One true time I’d hold to

In my life, we’ll always go on

Near, far, wherever you are

I believe that the heart does go on

Once more you open the door

And you’re here in my heart

And my heart will go on and on

You’re here, there’s nothing I fear

And I know that my heart will go on

We’ll stay forever this way

You are safe in my heart

And my heart will go on and on

7. “Hung up” – Madonna

Esta música está repleta de phrasal verbs com o advérbio up.

Time goes by so slowly

Every little thing that you say or do, I’m hung up

I’m hung up on you

Waiting for your call, baby, night and day

I’m fed up

I’m tired of waiting on you

Time goes by so slowly for those who wait

No time to hesitate

Those who run seem to have all the fun

I’m caught up

I don’t know what to do

Time goes by so slowly

Time goes by so slowly

Time goes by so slowly

I don’t know what to do

…

Ring, ring, ring goes the telephone

The lights are on, but there’s no one home

Tick, ticktock, it’s a quarter to two

And I’m done

I’m hanging up on you

I can’t keep on waiting for you

I know that you’re still hesitating

Don’t cry for me, ‘cause I’ll find my way

You’ll wake up one day, but it’ll be too late

8. “Possibly Maybe” – Björk

Ao juntar advérbios que expressam dúvida (algo tecnicamente incorreto), Björk poeticamente intensifica a incerteza que expressa na música “Possibly Maybe”.

Your flirt finds me out

Teases the crack in me

Smittens me with hope

Possibly maybe possibly maybe

possibly maybe

As much as I definitely enjoy solitude

I wouldn’t mind perhaps

Spending little time with you

Sometimes

Sometimes

Possibly maybe probably love

Possibly maybe probably love

Uncertainty excites me

babe

Who knows what’s going to happen?

Lottery or car crash

Or you’ll join a cult

Probably maybe possibly love

Probably maybe possibly love, possibly

Mon petit vulcan

You’re eruptions and disasters

I keep calm admiring your lava

I keep calm

Possibly maybe probably love

Possibly maybe probably love

Electric shocks?

I love them!

With you, dozen a day

But after a while I wonder

Where‘s that love you promised me?

Where is it?

…

Since we broke up

I’m using lipstick again

…

9. “Happily Ever After” – Donna Summer

O título desta música de Donna Summer vem da frase popular dos finais dos contos-de-fada “And they lived happily ever after” (E viveram felizes para sempre). Ao pé da letra, happily é felizmente, não existe no português a mesma expressão com advérbio como no inglês.

Happily ever after

Look at me, right where i want to be

My life took a turn, it’s a happy affair

I’m never alone even when he’s not there

Happily ever after, happily ever after

Happily ever after

So carefree, look what’s come over me

All my prayers have been answered, he heard my cry

Took all my troubles and threw them aside

Threw them aside

Happily ever after, happily ever after

Once in a lifetime!

I never thought i could be

So carefree, so carefree

Happily ever after

Happily ever after

Him and me, sunshine and laughter

We’re never alone, when there’s nobody there

We’re never alone, we got love to share

Lots of love, happily ever after

…

10. “Why Not” – Hilary Duff

You think going nowhere

When you walk on the street

Acting like you just don’t care

Life could be so sweet

Why you wanna be like that

If there’s nothing new

You are not fooling no one

Not even fooling you

So I walk a little slower

And open up your eyes

Sometimes it’s so hard to see

The good things passing by

There may never be a sign

No flashing neon lights

Telling you to make your move

Or when the time is right

So

Why not (why not)

Take a crazy chance

Why not (why not)

Do a crazy dance

If you lose the moment

You might lose a lot

So why not

Why not

Why not take a crazy chance?

Why not take a crazy chance?

You always dress in yellow

When you want to dress in gold

Instead of listening to your heart

You do just what you’re told

You keep waiting where you are

But what you never know

Let’s just get into your car

And go baby go

…

I could be the one for you

Oh yeah

Maybe yes, maybe no

Oh

It could be the thing to do

What I’m saying is you gotta let me know

Oh Oh Oh

You’ll never get to heaven

Or even to L.A.

…

Oh

It might take a little

And it might take a lot

But why not