Aprenda a usar advérbios em inglês cantando estas 10 canções
Advérbios são palavras invariáveis que servem para modificar um verbo, um adjetivo ou outro advérbio em uma frase.
Os tipos de advérbios são denominados de acordo com o tipo de circunstância que adicionam à frase para especificar seu sentido.
Muitas vezes, sua formação acontece com a adição do sufixo -ly à adjetivos (equivalente ao -mente no português), mas em muitos outros é necessário simplesmente decorar o advérbio.
Exemplo de advérbio derivado de adjetivo:
CLEAR (CLARO / CLARA) → CLEARLY (CLARAMENTE)
Para quem está se familiarizando com advérbios no inglês, é interessante começar a perceber como muitos são usados nas canções escritas no idioma.
Estudar com música ajuda muito com vocabulário, compreensão e memorização, e é particularmente eficaz para quem costuma decorar com facilidade as letras e gosta de cantar junto.
Abaixo, há vários termos divididos entre 8 tipos de adverbs comuns no inglês e, em seguida, 10 canções que contém alguns exemplos para cantar e decorar.
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Lembre-se que, apesar de estarem separados de acordo com a frequência em que são usados para definir tal circunstância, nem sempre uma mesma palavra será sempre um advérbio na frase e nem sempre um mesmo advérbio significa a mesma coisa em todas as frases, por exemplo:
FIRST (primeiro)
The first person (A primeira pessoa) → ADJETIVO
I am the first (Eu sou o primeiro) → SUBSTANTIVO
Get there first, then eat (Chegue lá primeiro, depois coma) → ADVÉRBIO DE ORDEM
AFTER (depois, após, mais tarde)
They lived happily ever after (Eles viveram felizes para sempre) → FRASE ADVERBIAL DE TEMPO
I’ll call after I eat (Eu vou ligar depois de comer) → ADVÉRBIO DE ORDEM
Exemplos de advérbios e frases adverbiais
- Time (Tempo)
already (já); early (cedo); formerly (outrora); immediately (imediatamente); late (tarde); now (agora); presently (no presente); shortly (em breve); soon (brevemente); still (ainda); then (então); today (hoje); tonight (esta noite); tomorrow (amanhã); yesterday (ontem); currently (atualmente); originally (originalmente); one day (um dia) …
- Frequency (Frequência)
daily (diariamente); sometimes (às vezes); rarely (raramente); never (nunca); always (sempre); often (com frequência); frequently (frequentemente); constantly (constantemente); yearly (anualmente), monthly (mensalmente); weekly (semanalmente); every day (todo dia); every night (toda noite) …
- Manner (Modo)
swiftly (rapidamente); carefully (cuidadosamente); actively (ativamente); amiss (erroneamente); badly (mal); boldly (audaciosamente); faithfully (fielmente); fast (rapidamente); fiercely (ferozmente); gladly (alegremente); quickly (rapidamente); purposely (propositadamente); simply (simplesmente). gracefully (graciosamente), easily (facilmente), hardly (dificilmente), slowly (vagarosamente), happily (felizmente), loudly (em alto som), brilliantly (brilhantemente), silently (silenciosamente), cleverly (inteligentemente); briefly (brevemente); calmly (calmamente); beautifully (lindamente); kindly (gentilmente); well (bem); seriously (seriamente) …
- Place (Lugar)
down (sob); here (aqui); below (abaixo); around (em volta); near (perto); far (longe); everywhere (em todo lugar); wherever (em qualquer lugar); there (lá); abroad (fora do país); out (fora); indoors (dentro de casa); outdoors (fora de casa); close (perto) …
- Degree (Grau / Intensidade / Quantidade)
absolutely (absolutamente); awfully (terrivelmente); badly (muito); barely (quase nada); completely (completamente); decidedly (decididamente); deeply (profundamente); enough (suficientemente); enormously (enormemente); entirely (inteiramente); extremely (extremamente); fairly (suficientemente); fully (totalmente); greatly (muito); highly (altamente); incredibly (incrivelmente); indeed (certamente); intensely (intensamente); just (apenas); so (tão); really (realmente); little (pouco); lots (muito); less (menos); least (o menos), most (a maioria); much (muito); nearly (quase) …
- Order (Ordem)
firstly (primeiramente); secondly (em segundo lugar); thirdly (em terceiro lugar); lastly (por último); last (último); first (primeiro); after (em seguida, depois); before (antes) …
- Doubt (Dúvida)
maybe (possivelmente); perchance (porventura); perhaps (talvez); possibly (possivelmente), might (pode); hypothetically (hipoteticamente); theoretically (teoricamente) …
- Interrogative (Interrogativo)*
*Atenção: no começo das perguntas.
why (por quê); where (onde); how (como); when (quando); what (o quê) …
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10 canções em inglês para aprender adverbs
- “Early Winter” – Gwen Stefani
Apesar de “early” ser advérbio em alguns casos (por exemplo: I had breakfast early today / Tomei café-da-manhã hoje cedo), o termo é usado como adjetivo nesta canção de Gwen Stefani (Looks like an early winter / Parece que será um inverno prematuro). Mesmo assim, ela ainda está repleta de advérbios:
You, you know how to get me so low
My heart had a crash when we spoke
I can’t fix what you broke
And you, you always have a reason
Again and again this feelin’
Why do I give in?
And I always was, always was one for cryin’
I always was one for tears
The sun’s getting cold; it’s snowing’
Looks like an early winter
For us
Looks like an early winter
For us
An early winter
Oh, I need you to turn me over
It’s said the map of the world is on you
The moon gravitates around you
- “Lately” – Stevie Wonder
Este hit de Stevie Wonder contém três termos diferentes que terminam com -ly, e está repleto de adverbs.
Lately, I have had the strangest feeling
With no vivid reason here to find
Yet the thought of losing you’s been hanging
‘Round my mind
Far more frequently, you’re wearing perfume
With you say no special place to go
But when I ask, “Will you be coming back soon?”
You don’t know, never know
Well, I’m a man of many wishes
Hope my premonition misses
But what I really feel my eyes won’t let me hide
‘Cause they always start to cry
…
But what I really feel my eyes won’t let me hide
‘Cause they always start to cry
‘Cause this time could mean goodbye, goodbye
- “Yesterday and Today” – Yes
Muitas palavras em inglês podem ser usadas de diferentes formas gramaticais, dependendo da frase. É o caso de ambas presentes no título desta canção da banda Yes, por exemplo:
Today will be a good day / Hoje será um dia bom – aqui, “today” é substantivo.
E quando o termo é usado para especificar quando outra coisa acontece, trata-se de um advérbio:
I think of you today / Eu penso em você hoje – aqui, “today” é advérbio de tempo modificando o verbo “think”.
Why is there you when there are few people around making me feel good?
Why is there me when air is free, some I can see better than I should?
There’s only us simply because thinking of us makes us both happy
I think of you ev’ry way, yesterday and today
I think of things that we do, all the way, ev’ry day
Stand in the sea, sing songs for me, sing happily, making me feel good
- “Faithfully” – Journey
Highway run
Into the midnight sun
Wheels go ‘round and ‘round
You’re on my mind
Restless hearts
Sleep alone tonight
Sendin’ all my love
Along the wire
…
Ain’t always what it’s supposed to be
Oh girl, you stand by me
I’m forever yours
Faithfully
…
And being apart ain’t easy
On this love affair
Two strangers learn
To fall in love again
I get the joy
Of rediscovering you
Oh girl, you stand by me
I’m forever yours
Faithfully
- “Undertow” – Passion Pit
Cantar “Undertow” ajuda a treinar estes advérbios cuja pronúncia é desafiadora: through, immediately e feverishly.
Come to me honey and feel the warmth around you grow
Calls from above me, echoes down below
We’ve resorted to the undertow
I try, but what you’re feeling is the undertow, tow
How can you ever place the names up high
When surely you have wondered why
Waves still crashing, tides of love
Are running all our hope, hope
And they crash upon the shores ‘til we know
We know what we need, clear and immediately (clear and immediately)
A love concrete, spelling it out on the street
Love until you bleed
Love until, love until you bleed and see (love until you bleed and see)
Love until you bleed
Love until, love until you bleed and see, my darling
…
Shot down from under what we never should be
Close to your body, I am taking your lead
But maybe it’s the undertow
But I lie, I’ll just tell them it’s the undertow
Off to a little bit of what could’ve been, a bit of love burning feverishly
Skip through the thick of it and watch as I fill up with the forces that take over me
Oh, take me away from all this foolish grief, baby
Wake me once you know our home and that’s where we’ll stay
We know what we need, clear and immediately (clear and immediately)
…
- “My Heart Will Go On” – Céline Dion
Além do phrasal verb no título (go on), este clássico tem muitos advérbios:
Every night in my dreams
I see you
I feel you
That is how I know you go on
Far across the distance
And spaces between us
You have come to show you go on
Near, far, wherever you are
I believe that the heart does go on
Once more you open the door
And you’re here in my heart
And my heart will go on and on
Love can touch us one time
And last for a lifetime
And never let go till we’re gone
Love was when I loved you
One true time I’d hold to
In my life, we’ll always go on
Near, far, wherever you are
I believe that the heart does go on
Once more you open the door
And you’re here in my heart
And my heart will go on and on
You’re here, there’s nothing I fear
And I know that my heart will go on
We’ll stay forever this way
You are safe in my heart
And my heart will go on and on
- “Hung up” – Madonna
Esta música está repleta de phrasal verbs com o advérbio up.
Time goes by so slowly
Every little thing that you say or do, I’m hung up
I’m hung up on you
Waiting for your call, baby, night and day
I’m fed up
I’m tired of waiting on you
Time goes by so slowly for those who wait
No time to hesitate
Those who run seem to have all the fun
I’m caught up
I don’t know what to do
Time goes by so slowly
Time goes by so slowly
Time goes by so slowly
I don’t know what to do
…
Ring, ring, ring goes the telephone
The lights are on, but there’s no one home
Tick, ticktock, it’s a quarter to two
And I’m done
I’m hanging up on you
I can’t keep on waiting for you
I know that you’re still hesitating
Don’t cry for me, ‘cause I’ll find my way
You’ll wake up one day, but it’ll be too late
- “Possibly Maybe” – Björk
Ao juntar advérbios que expressam dúvida (algo tecnicamente incorreto), Björk poeticamente intensifica a incerteza que expressa na música “Possibly Maybe”.
Your flirt finds me out
Teases the crack in me
Smittens me with hope
Possibly maybe possibly maybe
possibly maybe
As much as I definitely enjoy solitude
I wouldn’t mind perhaps
Spending little time with you
Sometimes
Sometimes
Possibly maybe probably love
Possibly maybe probably love
Uncertainty excites me
babe
Who knows what’s going to happen?
Lottery or car crash
Or you’ll join a cult
Probably maybe possibly love
Probably maybe possibly love, possibly
Mon petit vulcan
You’re eruptions and disasters
I keep calm admiring your lava
I keep calm
Possibly maybe probably love
Possibly maybe probably love
Electric shocks?
I love them!
With you, dozen a day
But after a while I wonder
Where‘s that love you promised me?
Where is it?
…
Since we broke up
I’m using lipstick again
…
- “Happily Ever After” – Donna Summer
O título desta música de Donna Summer vem da frase popular dos finais dos contos-de-fada “And they lived happily ever after” (E viveram felizes para sempre). Ao pé da letra, happily é felizmente, não existe no português a mesma expressão com advérbio como no inglês.
Happily ever after
Look at me, right where i want to be
My life took a turn, it’s a happy affair
I’m never alone even when he’s not there
Happily ever after, happily ever after
Happily ever after
So carefree, look what’s come over me
All my prayers have been answered, he heard my cry
Took all my troubles and threw them aside
Threw them aside
Happily ever after, happily ever after
Once in a lifetime!
I never thought i could be
So carefree, so carefree
Happily ever after
Happily ever after
Him and me, sunshine and laughter
We’re never alone, when there’s nobody there
We’re never alone, we got love to share
Lots of love, happily ever after
…
- “Why Not” – Hilary Duff
You think going nowhere
When you walk on the street
Acting like you just don’t care
Life could be so sweet
Why you wanna be like that
If there’s nothing new
You are not fooling no one
Not even fooling you
So I walk a little slower
And open up your eyes
Sometimes it’s so hard to see
The good things passing by
There may never be a sign
No flashing neon lights
Telling you to make your move
Or when the time is right
So
Why not (why not)
Take a crazy chance
Why not (why not)
Do a crazy dance
If you lose the moment
You might lose a lot
So why not
Why not
Why not take a crazy chance?
Why not take a crazy chance?
You always dress in yellow
When you want to dress in gold
Instead of listening to your heart
You do just what you’re told
You keep waiting where you are
But what you never know
Let’s just get into your car
And go baby go
…
I could be the one for you
Oh yeah
Maybe yes, maybe no
Oh
It could be the thing to do
What I’m saying is you gotta let me know
Oh Oh Oh
You’ll never get to heaven
Or even to L.A.
…
Oh
It might take a little
And it might take a lot
But why not
(Arantxa Pellicer Meira) é graduada em Cinema pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e trabalhou como tradutora e professora de Inglês de 2017 a 2021